Indlela yokugweba uMgangatho weThermistor? Ungayikhetha njani iThermistor efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho?

Ukugweba ukusebenza kwe-thermistor kunye nokukhetha imveliso efanelekileyo kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kweeparamitha zobugcisa kunye neemeko zesicelo. Nasi isikhokelo esineenkcukacha:

I. Ungawugweba njani uMgangatho weThermistor?

Iiparamitha eziphambili zentsebenzo zingundoqo wovavanyo:

1. Ixabiso leMimiselo loKuchasa (R25):

• Ingcaciso:Ixabiso lokumelana neqondo lokushisa elithile (ngokuqhelekileyo i-25 ° C).
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Ixabiso lesiqhelo ngokwalo alilungile okanye alibi ngokwendalo; isitshixo kukuba ingaba iyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo zesekethe yesicelo (umzekelo, isahluli sombane, umda wangoku). Ukuhambelana (ukusasazeka kwemilinganiselo yokumelana phakathi kwebhetshi enye) sisalathisi esibalulekileyo somgangatho wokuvelisa - ukusabalalisa okuncinci kungcono.
• Phawula:I-NTC kunye ne-PTC zinoluhlu olukhulu olwahlukileyo lokuxhathisa ku-25°C (NTC: ohms ukuya kwi-megohms, PTC: ngokwesiqhelo ii-ohms ukuya kumakhulu ee-ohms).

2. Ixabiso B (Ixabiso leBeta):

• Ingcaciso:Ipharamitha echaza ubuntununtunu bokutshintsha kwe-thermistor yokumelana nobushushu. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisa kwixabiso lika-B phakathi kwamaqondo obushushu amabini (umz., B25/50, B25/85).
• Ifomula yokubala: B = (T1 * T2) / (T2 - T1) * ln(R1/R2)
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:
  • NTC:Ixabiso eliphezulu le-B libonisa ubuntununtunu obukhulu beqondo lokushisa kunye notshintsho oluphezulu lokumelana nobushushu. Amaxabiso aphezulu e-B anikezela ngesisombululo esiphezulu kumlinganiselo wobushushu kodwa umgca ombi ngakumbi kuluhlu olubanzi lobushushu. Ukungqinelana (ixabiso le-B lokusasazwa kwibhetshi) libalulekile.
  • I-PTC:Ixabiso le-B (nangona i-coefficient yokushisa i-α ixhaphake kakhulu) ichaza izinga lokunyuka kokumelana ngaphantsi kwe-Curie point. Ukutshintsha usetyenziso, umnqantsa wokutsiba okuchasayo kufutshane nendawo yeCurie (α ixabiso) ngundoqo.
  • Phawula:Abavelisi abohlukeneyo banokuchaza ixabiso le-B ngokusebenzisa izibini ezahlukeneyo zobushushu (T1/T2); qinisekisa ukuhambelana xa uthelekisa.

3. Ukuchaneka (Ukunyamezela):

• Ingcaciso:Uluhlu oluvumelekileyo lokutenxa phakathi kwexabiso lokwenyani kunye nexabiso lesiqhelo. Idla ngokuhlelwa ngolu hlobo:
  • Ukuchaneka kweXabiso lokuNika:Ukutenxa okuvumelekileyo kokuxhathisa okwenyani ukusuka kwi-nominal resistance kwi-25 ° C (umzekelo, ± 1%, ± 3%, ± 5%).
  • B Ukuchaneka kwexabiso:Ukutenxa okuvumelekileyo kwelona xabiso lika-B kwixabiso le-B (umzekelo, ±0.5%, ±1%, ±2%).
  • Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kubonisa ukusebenza okungcono, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindleko eziphezulu. Usetyenziso oluchanekileyo (umzekelo, umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wobushushu, iisekethe zembuyekezo) zifuna iimveliso ezichaneke kakhulu (umz., ± 1% R25, ±0.5% B ixabiso). Iimveliso zokuchaneka okusezantsi zinokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezingafuneki kakhulu (umzekelo, ukukhuselwa ngokugqithisileyo, isibonakaliso sobushushu oburhabaxa).

4. Umlinganiso wobushushu (α):

• Ingcaciso:Izinga lokumelana nokutshintsha kunye nobushushu (ngokuqhelekileyo kufuphi neqondo lokushisa lereferensi ye-25 ° C). Kwi-NTC, α = - (B / T²) (%/°C); ye-PTC, kukho i-positive encinci α ngezantsi kwe-Curie point, eyanda kakhulu kufuphi nayo.
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Iphezulu | α| ixabiso (i-negative ye-NTC, i-positive ye-PTC kufuphi nendawo yokutshintsha) yinzuzo kwizicelo ezifuna impendulo ekhawulezayo okanye uvakalelo oluphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuthetha ukuba uluhlu olusebenzayo olusezantsi kunye nomgca ombi kakhulu.

5. Ixesha leThermal Constant (τ):

• Ingcaciso:Phantsi kweemeko ze-zero-power, ixesha elifunekayo ukuze ubushushu be-thermistor butshintshe nge-63.2% yomahluko opheleleyo xa ubushushu be-ambient butshintsha inyathelo.
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Ixesha elincinane elingaguqukiyo lithetha ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiinguqu zeqondo lokushisa. Oku kubalulekile kwizicelo ezifuna umlinganiselo okhawulezayo wobushushu okanye ukusabela (umzekelo, ukhuseleko lobushushu obugqithisileyo, ukubhaqwa kokuhamba komoya). Ixesha elingaguqukiyo liphenjelelwa bubungakanani bepakethe, umthamo wobushushu bezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-thermal. IiNTC ezincinci, ezingafakwanga zentsimbi ziphendula ngokukhawuleza.

6. I-Disipation Constant (δ):

• Ingcaciso:Amandla afunekayo ukuphakamisa ubushushu be-thermistor nge-1 ° C ngaphezu kobushushu be-ambient ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla ayo (iyunithi: mW / ° C).
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Ukunyuka okuthe gqolo kokulahla okuphakamileyo kuthetha ukuba ngaphantsi kwesiphumo sokuzifudumeza (oko kukuthi, ukunyuka kweqondo lobushushu elincinane kumsinga ofanayo). Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumlinganiselo ochanekileyo wobushushu, njengoko ukuzifudumeza okuphantsi kuthetha iimpazamo ezincinci zokulinganisa. I-Thermistors ene-low dissipation constants (ubungakanani obuncinci, iphakheji ye-thermal insulated) ithandwa kakhulu kwiimpazamo ezibalulekileyo zokuzifudumeza ukusuka kumlinganiselo wangoku.

7. Ubungakanani boMmandla oPhezulu (Pmax):

• Ingcaciso:Amandla aphezulu apho i-thermistor inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo ixesha elide kwiqondo lokushisa elichaziweyo ngaphandle komonakalo okanye i-parameter esisigxina.
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Kufuneka ihlangabezane neyona mfuno iphezulu yokuchithwa kwamandla esicelo kunye nomda owaneleyo (odla ngokuchithwa). I-Resistors ezinamandla aphezulu okuphatha amandla zithembeke ngakumbi.

8. Uluhlu lobushushu obusebenzayo:

• Ingcaciso:Ikhefu lobushushu be-ambient ngaphakathi apho i-thermistor inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ngelixa iiparamitha zihlala ngaphakathi kwemida yokuchaneka okuchaziweyo.
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Uluhlu olubanzi luthetha ukusetyenziswa okukhulu. Qinisekisa awona maqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nawona asezantsi kwisicelo awela phakathi kolu luhlu.

9. Uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka:

• Ingcaciso:Ukukwazi ukugcina ukuchasana okuzinzileyo kunye nexabiso le-B ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide okanye emva kokufumana ibhayisekile yokushisa kunye nokugcinwa okuphezulu / okuphantsi kobushushu.
• Isigwebo esisemgangathweni:Ukuzinza okuphezulu kubalulekile kwizicelo ezichanekileyo. Ii-NTC ezifakwe kwiglasi okanye eziphathwe ngokukodwa zinozinzo olungcono lwexesha elide kuneepoxy-encapsulated. Ukunyamezela kokutshintsha (inani lemijikelezo yokutshintsha enokumelana nayo ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli) luphawu oluphambili lokuthembeka kwii-PTC.

II. Ungayikhetha njani iThermistor efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho?

Inkqubo yokhetho ibandakanya ukuthelekisa iiparamitha zokusebenza kwiimfuno zesicelo:

1. Chonga uhlobo lweSicelo:Esi sisiseko.

• Umlinganiselo wobushushu: NTCikhethwayo. Gxininisa ngokuchanekileyo (ixabiso le-R kunye ne-B), ukuzinza, uluhlu lweqondo lokushisa, i-self-heating effect (i-dissipation constant), isantya sokuphendula (ixesha eliqhubekayo), umgca (okanye ingaba imbuyekezo ye-linearization iyadingeka), kunye nohlobo lwephakheji (iprobe, i-SMD, i-glass-encapsulated).
• Imbuyekezo yoBuqondo: NTCisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo (ukubuyekeza i-drift in transistors, crystals, njl.). Qinisekisa iimpawu zobushushu be-NTC zihambelana neempawu zokukhukuliseka zecandelo elihlawulelwayo, kwaye ubeke phambili uzinzo kunye nokuchaneka.
• Unyino lwe-Inrush yangoku: NTCikhethwayo. Iiparamitha eziphambili ziIxabiso leNominal Resistance (limisela isiphumo sokuqala somda), Ubuninzi obuzinzileyo-bubume bangoku/Amandla(imisela umthamo wokuphatha ngexesha lomsebenzi oqhelekileyo),Maximum Surge Current Standstand(ixabiso le-I²t okanye incopho yangoku kwiifom ezithile zamaza), kunyeIxesha lokuBuyisa(ixesha lokupholisa ukuya kwimeko ephantsi yokumelana emva kokucima umbane, okuchaphazela ukutshintshwa rhoqo kwezicelo).
• Ubushushu obugqithisileyo/Ukhuseleko lwangoku: PTC(iifusi ezinokusetwa ngokutsha) ziqhele ukusetyenziswa.
  • Ukhuseleko lobushushu obungaphezulu:Khetha i-PTC enenqaku leCurie ngaphezu kancinane komlinganiselo ongaphezulu wobushushu obuqhelekileyo bokusebenza. Gxininisa kubushushu bohambo, ixesha lohambo, ubushushu bokusetha ngokutsha, umbane olinganisiweyo/okhoyo.
  • Ukhuseleko lwangoku:Khetha i-PTC enomsinga wokubamba ngaphezulu kancinane kumjelo osebenzayo wesiqhelo kunye nohambo lwangoku olungaphantsi kwinqanaba elinokubangela umonakalo. Iiparamitha eziphambili zibandakanya ukubamba okwangoku, uhambo lwangoku, amandla ombane aphezulu, ubuninzi bangoku, ixesha lokuhamba, ukuxhathisa.
  • INqanaba loLwalo/UFundo lokuHamba: NTCisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, isebenzisa umphumo wayo wokuzifudumeza. Iiparamitha eziphambili kukutshatyalaliswa rhoqo, ixesha le-thermal rhoqo (isantya sokuphendula), amandla okuphatha amandla, kunye nephakheji (kufuneka ixhathise ukubola kwemidiya).

2. Misela iiMfuno eziPhambili zeParameter:Ukulinganisa iimfuno ngokusekwe kwimeko yesicelo.

• Uluhlu loMlinganiso:Ubuncinci kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kufuneka alinganiswe.
• IMfuno yokuChaneka koMlinganiso:Loluphi uluhlu lwempazamo yobushushu olwamkelekileyo? Oku kugqiba ukuchasana okufunekayo kunye nebakala B lokuchaneka kwexabiso.
• isantya seMpendulo efunekayo:Kufuneka kubonwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani utshintsho lobushushu? Oku kugqiba ixesha elifunekayo elingaguqukiyo, elichaphazela ukhetho lwephakheji.
• Ujongano lweSekethe:Indima ye-thermistor kwisiphaluka (i-voltage divider? uchungechunge lwangoku umda?). Oku kugqiba uluhlu olufunekayo lokuxhathisa kunye ne-drive yangoku / i-voltage, echaphazela i-self-heating error calculation.
• Imiqathango yokusingqongileyo:Ukufuma, ukubola kweekhemikhali, uxinzelelo kumatshini, imfuno yokugquma? Oku kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhetho lwephakheji (umzekelo, i-epoxy, iglasi, i-sheath yensimbi engenasici, i-silicone-coated, i-SMD).
• Imida yokuSetyenziswa kwamandla:Ingakanani i-drive current enokubonelela ngayo isekethe? Ingakanani iqondo lobushushu lokuzifudumeza elivumelekileyo? Oku kugqiba ukuchithwa okwamkelekileyo rhoqo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwinqanaba langoku.
• IiMfuneko zokuthembeka:Ngaba ufuna uzinzo oluphezulu lwexesha elide? Ngaba kufuneka umelane nokutshintsha rhoqo? Ngaba ufuna amandla ombane aphezulu/angoku ukumelana nawo?
• Imiqobo yobungakanani:Indawo yePCB? Indawo yokukhwela?

3. Khetha i-NTC okanye i-PTC:Ngokusekelwe kwiNyathelo 1 (uhlobo lwesicelo), oku kudla ngokumiselwa.

4. Isihluzo seMifuziselo eKhethekileyo:

• Qhagamshelana neDatasheets zoMvelisi:Le yeyona ndlela ingqalileyo nesebenzayo. Abavelisi abakhulu baquka iVishay, TDK (EPCOS), iMurata, iSemitec, iLittelfuse, iTR Ceramic, njl.
• Imilinganiselo yomdlalo:Ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno eziphambili ezichongiweyo kwiNyathelo 2, khangela idatadata yeemodeli zokuhlangabezana nemilinganiselo yokumelana negama, ixabiso le-B, ibakala lokuchaneka, uluhlu lweqondo lokushisa lokusebenza, ubungakanani bephakheji, ukuchithwa rhoqo, ixesha elingaguqukiyo, amandla amakhulu, njl.
• Uhlobo Lwepakethe:
  • IsiXhobo sokuNyusa uMphezulu (SMD):Ubungakanani obuncinci, obufanelekileyo kwi-SMT ephezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi. Isantya sokuphendula esiphakathi, ukuchithwa okuphakathi rhoqo, ukuphatha amandla aphantsi. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo: 0201, 0402, 0603, 0805, njl.
  • Iglasi-Egqunywe:Impendulo ekhawulezayo kakhulu (ixesha elincinci elingatshintshiyo), uzinzo oluhle, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Incinci kodwa i-ethe-ethe. Isoloko isetyenziswa njengondoqo kwiprobe yobushushu obuchanekileyo.
  • I-Epoxy-Coated:Iindleko eziphantsi, ukhuseleko oluthile. Isantya sokuphendula esiphakathi, uzinzo, kunye nokumelana nobushushu.
  • I-Axial/Radial eKhokelelwayo:Ukuphatha amandla aphezulu ngokulinganayo, kulula ukudibanisa ngesandla okanye ukuxhoma ngomngxuma.
  • Intsimbi/iPlastiki eFakelwe iProbe:Kulula ukukhwela kunye nokukhuseleka, ukubonelela nge-insulation, ukuthintela amanzi, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukukhuselwa komatshini. Isantya sokuphendula esicothayo (kuxhomekeke kwizindlu/ukuzaliswa). Ifanelekile kwimizi-mveliso, usetyenziso lwezixhobo ezifuna ukunyuswa okuthembekileyo.
  • Uhlobo lwaMandla oMphezulu weNtaba:Yenzelwe uthintelo lokungena ngamandla aphezulu, ubungakanani obukhulu, ukuphatha amandla awomeleleyo.

5. Qwalasela iNdleko kunye nokuFumana:Khetha imodeli engabizi kakhulu kunye nobonelelo oluzinzileyo kunye namaxesha okukhokela amkelekileyo ahlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, iphakheji ekhethekileyo, iimodeli zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza zihlala zibiza kakhulu.

6. Yenza uQinisekiso loVavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko:Kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo, ngokukodwa ezibandakanya ukuchaneka, isantya sokuphendula, okanye ukuthembeka, iisampuli zokuvavanya phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezichanekileyo okanye ezifanisiweyo.

Isishwankathelo saManyathelo okuKhetha

1. Chaza iiMfuno:Yintoni isicelo? Ukulinganisa ntoni? Ukhusela ntoni? Uhlawulela ntoni?
2. Misela uhlobo:I-NTC (umlinganiselo/uBuyekeza/uMda) okanye i-PTC (Khusela)?
3. Ukulinganisa iiParamitha:Uluhlu lobushushu? Ngaba ichanile? Isantya sokuphendula? Amandla? Ubungakanani? Okusingqongileyo?
4. Qwalasela i-Datasheets:Iimodeli zokucoca ezisekelwe kwiimfuno, thelekisa iitheyibhile zeeparameter.
5. Uphononongo lwePakethi:Khetha ipakethe efanelekileyo esekelwe kwimeko-bume, ukunyuswa, impendulo.
6. Thelekisa Iindleko:Khetha imodeli yoqoqosho ehlangabezana neemfuno.
7. Qinisekisa:Uvavanyo lwesampulu yovavanyo kwimeko yokwenyani okanye efanisiweyo yezicelo ezibalulekileyo.

Ngokuhlalutya ngokucokisekileyo iiparameters zokusebenza kunye nokudibanisa kunye neemfuno ezithile zesicelo, unokugweba ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho we-thermistor kwaye ukhethe eyona ifanelekileyo kwiprojekthi yakho. Khumbula, akukho thermistor "egqwesileyo", kuphela i-thermistor "eyona ifanelekileyo" kwisicelo esithile. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokhetho, idatadata eneenkcukacha zezona zithenjwa zakho.