Imbali yeThermistor kunye nentshayelelo
Ithermistor ye-NTC sisishunqulelo se-Negative Temperature Coefficient thermistor.Thermistor =Thermally sensitive resistor, kwafunyaniswa ngo-1833 nguMichael Faraday, owayephanda ngesilivere sulfide semiconductors, waqaphela ukuba ukuxhathisa kwesulfides yesilivere yehla njengoko ubushushu bonyuka, kwaye emva koko yathengiswa nguSamuel Reuben ngeminyaka yee-1930, izazinzulu zafumanisa ukuba i-cuprous oxide kunye ne-copper oxide nazo zine-coefficient yobushushu engalunganga kunye nokusebenza kwesekethe kwisixhobo sokulinganisa ubushushu. Emva koko, ngenxa yophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji ye-transistor, inkqubela phambili enkulu yenziwe kuphando lwe-thermistors, kwaye ngo-1960, ii-thermistors ze-NTC zaphuhliswa, zezodidi olukhulu lwe-thermistors.amalungu okwenziwa.
NTC Thermistor luhloboi-ceramic entle semiconductor thermal elementleyo sintered ngeeoksidi zetsimbi ezininzi zenguqu, ikakhulu iMn(manganese), iNi(nickel), Co(cobalt) njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, Mn3-xMxO4 (M=Ni, Cu, Fe, Co, njl.njl.) yimathiriyeli ene-Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC), oko kukuthi, ukuxhathisa kuyancipha.ngokukhawulezangokunyuka kobushushu. Ngokukodwa, i-resistivity kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zihlala zihluka kunye nomlinganiselo wokubunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, umoya we-sintering, ubushushu be-sintering kunye nesakhiwo sesakhiwo.
Ngenxa yokuba ixabiso layo lokumelana liyatshintshangokuchanekileyokwayengokuqikelelwa kwangaphambiliekuphenduleni utshintsho oluncinci kubushushu bomzimba (Iqondo lokutshintsha kokumelana nalo lixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyoiparameter formulations), kunye ne-compact, izinzile kwaye inovakalelo oluphezulu, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zokuvavanya ubushushu kumakhaya ahlakaniphile, iiprobe zonyango, kunye nezixhobo zokulawula ubushushu bezixhobo zendlu, ii-smartphones, njl.
1. Iingcaciso ezisisiseko kunye neMithetho-siseko yokuSebenza
Yintoni iThermistor ye-NTC?
■ Ingcaciso:I-Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor licandelo le-semiconductor yeseramic encipha ukuxhathisa.ngokukhawulezanjengoko ubushushu bunyuka. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumlinganiselo wobushushu, imbuyekezo yobushushu, kunye noxinzelelo lwangoku lwe-inrush.
■ UmGaqo wokuSebenza:Yenziwe kwii-oxide zetsimbi zenguqu (umzekelo, i-mangan ese, i-cobalt, i-nickel), utshintsho kwiqondo lokushisa luguqula ukugxininiswa komthwali ngaphakathi kwezinto, okukhokelela ekutshintsheni ukuchasana.
Ukuthelekiswa kweeNdidi zoVavanyo lobushushu
| Uhlobo | Umgaqo | Iingenelo | Iingxaki |
|---|---|---|---|
| NTC | Ukumelana nokushisa kuyahluka | Uvakalelo oluphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi | Imveliso engeyiyo yomgca |
| RTD | Ukuxhathisa kwesinyithi kuyahluka ngobushushu | Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, umgca olungileyo | Iindleko eziphezulu, impendulo ecothayo |
| Thermocouple | Impembelelo ye-Thermoelectric (i-voltage eyenziwe ngumahluko wobushushu) | Uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu (-200°C ukuya ku-1800°C) | Ifuna imbuyekezo yesiphambuka esibandayo, umqondiso obuthathaka |
| ISensom yoBuqondo yeDijithali | Iguqula ubushushu bube kwimveliso yedijithali | Ukuhlanganiswa okulula kunye ne-microcontrollers, ukuchaneka okuphezulu | Uluhlu lobushushu obulinganiselweyo, ixabiso eliphezulu kune-NTC |
| I-LPTC (Umgca wePTC) | Ukuchasana kwandisa ngokuhambelana nobushushu | Imveliso yomgca elula, ilungile kukhuseleko lobushushu obugqithisileyo | Uvakalelo olulinganiselweyo, umda wesicelo omxinwa |
2. IiParamitha zoMsebenzi oPhambili kunye nesigama
Iiparamitha ezingundoqo
■ Ukuchasa ngokweNgcaciso (R25):
Ukumelana namandla angama-zero kwi-25 ° C, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-1kΩ ukuya kwi-100kΩ.XIXITRONICSingenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana ne-0.5～5000kΩ
■Ixabiso le-B (i-Thermal Index):
Inkcazo: B = (T1 · T2) / (T2-T1) · ln (R1 / R2), ebonisa uvakalelo lokumelana nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa (iyunithi: K).
Uluhlu lwexabiso eliqhelekileyo le-B: 3000K ukuya ku-4600K (umzekelo, B25/85=3950K)
I-XIXITRONICS inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana ne-2500～5000K
■ Ukuchaneka (Ukunyamezela):
Ukutenxa kwexabiso lokuchasa (umzekelo, ± 1%, ± 3%) kunye nokuchaneka komlinganiselo wobushushu (umzekelo, ± 0.5 ° C).
I-XIXITRONICS inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana ne-± 0.2 ℃ kuluhlu lwe-0℃ ukuya kwi-70℃, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunokufikelela kwi-0.05℃.
■Umba wokuLahla (δ):
Ipharamitha ebonisa iziphumo zokuzifudumeza, ezilinganiswe kwi-mW/°C (amaxabiso aphantsi athetha ukuzifudumeza okungaphantsi).
■Ixesha rhoqo (τ):
Ixesha elifunekayo ukuze i-thermistor iphendule kwi-63.2% yokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa (umzekelo, imizuzwana emi-5 emanzini, imizuzwana engama-20 emoyeni).
Imigaqo yobuGcisa
■ Steinhart-Hart Equation:
Imodeli yemathematika echaza ubudlelwane bokuchasana nobushushu be-NTC thermistors:
(T: Ubushushu obupheleleyo, R: Ukuxhathisa, A/B/C: Constants)
■ α (I-Coefficient yobushushu):
Ireyithi yokumelana nokutshintsha kweyunithi nganye yokutshintsha kobushushu:
■ Itheyibhile yeRT (Itheyibhile yokuchasa-ubushushu):
Itheyibhile yereferensi ebonisa amaxabiso okumelana nomgangatho kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo, asetyenziselwa ukulinganisa okanye ukuyila kwesekethe.
3. Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lwe-NTC Thermistors
Iinkalo zeSicelo
1. Umlinganiselo wobushushu:
o Izixhobo zasekhaya (i-air conditioners, iifriji), izixhobo zamashishini, iimoto (ibhetri ipakethi / ukujongwa kobushushu bemoto).
2. Imbuyekezo yoBuqondo:
oUkuhlawulela ukukhukuliseka kobushushu kwezinye izinto ze-elektroniki (umzekelo, ii-crystal oscillators, ii-LEDs).
3. Uxinzelelo lwangoku lwe-Inrush:
oUkusebenzisa uxhathiso oluphezulu olubandayo ukukhawulela i-inrush yangoku ngexesha lokuqalisa amandla.
Imizekelo yoYilo lweSekethe
• ISekethe ye-Voltge Divider:
(Ubushushu bubalwa ngokufunda amandla ombane nge-ADC.)
• Iindlela zokumisela umgca:
Ukongeza i-resistors esisigxina kwi-series / parallel ukunyusa i-non-linear output ye-NTC (ibandakanya iidiagram zesekethe yereferensi).
4. Izixhobo zobuGcisa kunye neZixhobo
Izibonelelo zasimahla
•Amaxwebhu edatha:Bandakanya iiparamitha ezineenkcukacha, imilinganiselo, kunye neemeko zovavanyo.
•Itheyibhile yeRT Excel ( PDF ) Template: Ivumela abathengi ukuba bajonge ngokukhawuleza amaxabiso okumelana nobushushu.
oIingqwalasela zoYilo lwe-NTC kuKhuseleko loBubushushu bebhetri yeLithium
oUkuphucula ukuChaneka koMlinganiselo woBubushushu be-NTC ngoLungiso lweSoftwe
Izixhobo ze-Intanethi
• B Isibali sexabiso:Igalelo T1/R1 kunye T2/R2 ukubala ixabiso B.
•Isixhobo sokuguqula ubushushu: Ukumelana negalelo lokufumana ubushushu obuhambelanayo (ixhasa i-Steinhart-Hart equation).
5. Iingcebiso zoYilo (EziNjineli)
• Ziphephe iimpazamo zokuzifudumeza ngokwakho:Qinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwangoku kungaphantsi kobuninzi obuchaziweyo kwidatha yedatha (umz., 10μA).
• Ukhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo:Kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezidlekayo, sebenzisa ii-NTC ezigqunywe ngeglasi okanye ezigqunywe nge-epoxy.
• Iingcebiso zoLungiso:Ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwenkqubo ngokwenza ukulinganisa kwamanqaku amabini (umz., 0 ° C kunye ne-100 ° C).
6.Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)
1. Umbuzo: Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-NTC kunye ne-PTC thermistors?
o A: I-PTC (i-Positive Temperature Coefficient) i-thermistors inyusa ukuchasana nobushushu kwaye isetyenziselwa ukukhuselwa kwe-overcurrent, ngelixa i-thermistors ye-NTC isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubushushu kunye nembuyekezo.
2. Q: Indlela yokukhetha ixabiso elifanelekileyo le-B?
o A: Amaxabiso aphezulu e-B (umzekelo, B25/85=4700K) anika uvakalelo oluphezulu kwaye afanele amaqondo obushushu obumxinwa, ngelixa amaxabiso e-B aphantsi (umz., B25/50=3435K) angcono kuluhlu olubanzi lobushushu.
3. Umbuzo: Ngaba ubude bocingo buchaphazela ukuchaneka komlinganiselo?
oA: Ewe, iingcingo ezide zizisa ukuchasana okongeziweyo, okunokuthi kubuyekezwe ngokusebenzisa i-3-wire okanye i-4-wire connection method.
Amaxabiso ethu axhomekeke ekutshintsheni ngokuxhomekeke kubonelelo kunye neminye imiba yemarike. Siza kukuthumelela uluhlu lwamaxabiso oluhlaziyiweyo emva kokuba inkampani yakho iqhagamshelane nathi ngolwazi oluthe vetshe.
Ewe, sifuna zonke ii-odolo zamazwe ngamazwe ukuba zibe ne-odolo encinci eqhubekayo. Ukuba ujonge ukuthengisa kwakhona kodwa ngexabiso elincinci kakhulu, sicebisa ukuba ujonge iwebhusayithi yethu.
Ewe, sinokubonelela ngamaxwebhu amaninzi aquka iziQinisekiso zoHlahlelo / zokuThobela; I-inshurensi; Imvelaphi, kunye namanye amaxwebhu okuthumela ngaphandle apho kuyimfuneko.
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Ewe, sihlala sisebenzisa umgangatho ophezulu wokupakisha ngaphandle. Sikwasebenzisa ukupakishwa kweengozi ezikhethekileyo kwimpahla enobungozi kunye nabathumeli abaqinisekisiweyo abagcina izinto ezibandayo kwizinto ezinobushushu bobushushu. Ukupakishwa kweengcali kunye neemfuno zokupakisha ezingekho mgangathweni zingafaka intlawulo eyongezelelweyo.